Music, art concerned with combining vocal or instrumental sounds for beauty of form or emotional expression, usually according to cultural standards of rhythm , melody , and, in most Western music, harmony Both the simple folk song and the complex electronic composition belong to the same activity, music. These shape-notes were first published in 1800; forty years later Eastern churches had turned to newer compilations of hymns which incorporated secular European classical melodies and relied on the modern eight-note (do-re-mi-fa-sol-la-ti-do ) system of musical notation.

Thus the development of ethnomusicology to a considerable extent paralleled that of anthropology: both disciplines were forced to deal with all these areas at once—the anthropologist with the total cultures of the so-called primitive” peoples and the ethnomusicologist with the total study of their music.

Although little material of this kind is available as yet, the problems lie in the nature of the distinctions made …